I would say that my most prized possessions are my dogs, but I don't consider them possessions. Stephen King and Jane Austen are close seconds. My brother is my best friend, hence the reason we do this together.Ĩ. I just reconnected with my father after 15+ years. I have an extensive sticker collection.Ħ. We exchange stickers and little gifts sometimes, too. I have a number of pen pals I write snail mail to. Not the sub, not the grinder, the hoagie. My favorite food is either the cheesesteak or the hoagie. Meanwhile, they run afoul of snakes and each other. A scientific expedition sets out for Borneo to seek a flower called the Blood Orchid, which could grant longer life. With Johnny Messner, KaDee Strickland, Matthew Marsden, Nicholas Gonzalez. I'm very proud of both sides of myself.Ĥ. Anacondas: The Hunt for the Blood Orchid: Directed by Dwight H. Especially scrapbooking and cross-stitch.ģ. The food, the smells, the beach - I love it all.Ģ. My favorite place in the world is Atlantic City. I suppose I could list my favorite movies here, but instead I'll give you a strange glimpse into what makes me TaraRomero.ġ. It was just so-so, but still much better than the original. We actually liked the whole thing much better than the too-serious-for-it’s-own-good original film. Some of the characters were likable, it was pretty entertaining and the monkey was awesome. The script is kind of awful, the crocodile fight between Bill (Messner) and the crocodile is hilarious and the whole idea of it is just so unrealistic. Little, and three television sequels, Anaconda 3: Offspring (2008), Anacondas: Trail of Blood (2009), both directed by Don E. The movie starts like it’s going to focus on Gail (Richardson-Whitfield), who is really, really bad at acting, but then it shifts focus to Sam (Strickland) out of nowhere, which isn’t a bad thing. This was followed by one theatrical stand-alone sequel, Anacondas: The Hunt for the Blood Orchid (2004) directed by Dwight H. And that’s when the overly large anacondas come to eat them whole. Of course, they all take a shortcut – a dangerous shortcut – to get to said flower. In this sequel to Anaconda (1997), a team of scientists, funded by a pharmaceutical company, head to a jungle in Borneo to find a flower they believe will extend human life. Plot: a scientific expedition soon become hunted by large, hungry snakes. Starring Johnny Messner, KaDee Strickland, Matthew Marsden, Nicholas Gonzalez, Eugene Byrd, Karl Yune, Salli Richardson-Whitfield and Morris Chestnut. Written by John CLaflin, Daniel Zelman, Michael Miner and Ed Neumeier.
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Indeed, we follow strict guidelines that ensure our editorial content is never influenced by advertisers. Neither ZDNET nor the author are compensated for these independent reviews. This helps support our work, but does not affect what we cover or how, and it does not affect the price you pay. When you click through from our site to a retailer and buy a product or service, we may earn affiliate commissions. And we pore over customer reviews to find out what matters to real people who already own and use the products and services we’re assessing. We gather data from the best available sources, including vendor and retailer listings as well as other relevant and independent reviews sites. ZDNET's recommendations are based on many hours of testing, research, and comparison shopping. The geometric standard error (GSE) is defined by exponentiating the standard error of the mean of the log-transformed data.The sample estimate is exp( s), where s is the standard deviation of the log-transformed data. The quantity GSD = exp(σ) is defined to be the geometric standard deviation.It is estimated from a sample by the quantity exp( m), where m is the arithmetic mean of the log-transformed data. The quantity GM = exp(μ) is the geometric mean.Kirkwood points out in a letter to the editors of Biometric (Kirkwood, 1979), if data are lognormally distributed as LN(μ σ), then However, the 95% confidence intervals for these quantities assume log-normality.Īs T. The answer is that the data do not need to be lognormally distributed to use the geometric mean and geometric CV. You might wonder whether data need to be lognormally distributed to use this table. Invariant to multiplication of by a constant." (rather than the standard deviation) because the CV is "For lognormal data, the CV is the natural measure of variability The documentation for the TTEST procedure explains why the GCV is the better measure of variation: Notice that the procedure does not report the geometric standard deviation (or variance), but instead reports the geometric coefficient of variation (GCV), which has the value 0.887 for this example. PROC SGPLOT shows a histogram of the data and overlays a vertical line at the location of the geometric mean.Ģ0.2 for these data, estimates the "center" of the data. To demonstrate this, the following DATA step simulates 100 random observations from a lognormal distribution. The TTEST procedure is the easiest way to compute the geometric mean (GM) and geometric CV (GCV) of positive data. Lastly, the SAS file that accompanies this article contains a SAS/IML function (geoStats) that makes it easy to compute the statistics and their confidence intervals.įor an introduction to the geometric mean, see "What is a geometric mean." For information about the (arithmetic) coefficient of variation (CV) and its applications, see the article "What is the coefficient of variation?" Compute the geometric mean and geometric CV in SASĪs discussed in my previous article, the geometric mean arises naturally when positive numbers are being multiplied and you want to find the average multiplier.Īlthough the geometric mean can be used to estimate the "center" of any set of positive numbers, it is frequently used to estimate average values in a set of ratios or to compute an average growth rate. It then shows how to compute several geometric statistics in the SAS/IML language. It first shows how to use PROC TTEST to compute the geometric mean and the geometric coefficient of variation. This article shows how to compute the geometric mean, the geometric standard deviation, and the geometric coefficient of variation in SAS. In addition, some published papers and web sites that claim to show how to calculate the geometric mean in SAS contain wrong or misleading information. Unfortunately, the answers to these questions are sometimes confusing or even wrong. I frequently see questions on SAS discussion forums about how to compute the geometric mean and related quantities in SAS. Taken from the French for ‘already seen’, déjà vu is one of a group of related quirks of memory. Peter Cook put it his own way in a magazine column: “All of us at one time or another have had a sense of déjà vu, a feeling that this has happened before, that this has happened before, that this has happened before.” In Catch-22, Joseph Heller described déjà vu as “a weird, occult sensation of having experienced the identical situation before in some prior time or existence”. By trying to understand more about déjà vu, I’m hoping to make sure that I never lose my way on the path back to reality from that same ‘strange place’. And it’s hard for me not to worry whether the blurring of fact and fiction that I experience might one day engender a kind of mania. Many of the estimated 50 million people in the world with epilepsy experience long-term memory decline and psychiatric problems. I can find no pattern to explain when or why these episodes manifest themselves, only that they usually last for the length of a pulse before vanishing. Now it occurs with varying degrees of magnitude up to 10 times a day, whether as part of a seizure or not. I don’t remember déjà vu happening with any kind of regularity before the onset of my epilepsy. During my most intense seizures, and for a week or so afterwards, this feeling of precognition becomes so pervasive that I routinely struggle to discern the difference between lived events and dreams, between memories, hallucinations and the products of my imagination. “I feel,” said another, “in some strange place.”īy far the most significant trait of my aura is the striking sense of having lived through that precise moment before at some point in the past – even though I never have. “Old scenes revert,” one patient told him. Pioneering English neurologist John Hughlings Jackson was the first to define the epileptic aura, observing in 1898 that its hallmarks included vivid memory-like hallucinations, often alongside the feeling of déjà vu. My own aren’t nearly as exciting-sounding, being distinguished by sudden shifts in perspective, a rapidly increased heart rate, anxiety, and the occasional auditory hallucination. Some people experience synaesthesia, extreme euphoria and even orgasm at the onset of a seizure. The nature of this aura differs greatly from patient to patient. They are usually preceded by something called an ‘aura’, a sort of minor foreshock lasting anything up to a couple of minutes before the main event begins. Seizures, or fits, occur after an unanticipated electrical discharge in the brain. He saw a newborn baby as a kind of empty ledger, one that is gradually filled as the child grows and accumulates knowledge and experience. One of the most fundamental doctrines of Western philosophy was established by Aristotle. What I was experiencing was an extreme form of a very common mental illusion: déjà vu. The problem was that it never actually happened. It was a pleasant and extremely vivid recollection. I felt warm sunlight on the back of my neck and watched as birds wheeled and floated above me. I could hear the sway of the wheat ears as a gentle breeze brushed through them. The people around me vanished and I found myself lying on a tartan picnic blanket amid a field of high golden wheat. I was lounging under a tree in a packed east London park when I experienced a sudden feeling of vertigo, followed immediately by an overwhelming and intense sense of familiarity. One drab afternoon a few years ago something very unusual happened to me. CX-5 is packed with advanced features that adjust to your driving needs, such as available rain-sensing windshield wipers, heated side mirrors, and 17 to 19 inch aluminum alloy wheels fitted with all-season tires. CX-5's aerodynamic curves and sloping roofline reduce wind turbulence and allow for the vehicle's weight to be distributed toward the rear axle for increased stability. 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Eventually you have to fight or sneak your way towards him after his encounter with the dark one, but it only took me about fifteen minutes to play through the entire mission. This mission provides some impressive views of the surface, but is ultimately the weakest of the three since for the most part you are merely providing sniper cover for Artyom. The third and final mission has the most obvious tie in with the main story, placing you in the shoes of Anna as she provides sniper cover for Artyom while he hunts the single surviving Dark One at the start of Last Light's campaign. If you enjoyed the supernatural elements of Metro Last Light's story, this level is a must play. The Anomaly encountered in Metro 2033 makes a return here, and makes for a moment of awe mixed with dread. Haunting moments of surreal beauty are mixed with grimy claustrophobic ones that make for an enthralling thirty minute trip through the metro tunnels. The atmosphere is thick and genuinely creepy throughout. This mission is initially light on action and instead focuses on supernatural phenomenon as you attempt to make your way through long abandoned tunnels to a nearby outpost. The second mission is the strongest of the three, with you playing as a wise-cracking ranger accompanying Khan when he is separated from Artyom after a tunnel cave-in. The mission ends rather abruptly, but it is well paced and consistently enjoyable. Scattered throughout this level are safes and associated keys, and searching for both is essential if you want to remain well stocked with ammo and med kits. This happened again after reloading the checkpoint, but on the third try the guards were patrolling normally and I was able to progress through the mission. It is known for its atmosphere and relatively difficult gameplay. Its set in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone after a second fictional explosion in the not too distant future. I crept up behind one and attempted to perform a stealth knock-out, only for the game to bug out and prevent me from moving while the guard remained unharmed. MaPC S.T.A.L.K.E.R: Shadow of Chernobyl is a First-Person-Shooter with many Role Playing elements. At one point I encountered a severe scripting bug when I entered a room full of totally motionless guards listening to a speech. The stealth gameplay remains strong, although AI bugs that plagued the base game also appear here. The mission lasts for the better part of an hour, and takes you through some interesting situations and environments. How you tackle this mission is largely up to you early on your options are limited thanks to extremely scarce ammunition, but eventually you will start finding enough to engage in open combat if you so desire. You do this by sneaking past or killing everyone you come across as you make your way out of their base. This mission sees you once again in the clutches of the Fascist faction, and you must escape from them once more. The first level sees you playing as Pavel, the Redline Communist who helped Artyom escape the Nazis at the start of Last Light's main campaign. 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Fighting between males is also frequently deadly, but pride males appear to have nothing to lose by approaching intruders because their only chance of reproductive success is when they control a pride. Fights between females often result in severe injury or death, so it is critical for lionesses to gauge the risks before engaging. Females are more likely to respond to roars of other groups if they outnumber the other group, whereas males tend to approach the roars of competing lions regardless of their number. A number of studies have used playback experiments to assess the reaction of lions to the playback of roars from varying numbers of lions. Both male and female lions demonstrate ownership of territories via roaring and are able to gauge the strength of opposition based on the number of roars heard from other groups. Roars are used to signal territoriality and to locate distant pride members. They are active, vocal, see excellently in the dark, and can be aggressive towards other lions and of course when hunting. Bring out your inner lion with this 4 hour long video with an angry lion roaring and growling. In my travels to the bush around Africa, I feel a true adrenaline rush and vulnerability when hearing lions roaring at night, especially when they are near and particularly when I am camping in a tent! Lions at night are very different creatures to the sleepy, docile animals they appear to be during the day. The sound is deafening and awe-inspiring when heard from nearby. Roars can be heard from over several kilometers away when conditions are right. A lion’s roar is arguably the world’s most iconic animal sound. Lion Loud Nature One shot Sound effects © Standard License - Royalty Free Download Favorite Leave a comment 0 comments Similar Sounds Complementary Sounds Lion Roar Sharp Coarse/harsh Bright Short Nature Sound effects One shot Dry Acoustic 10. Roaring is a key component of lion social behavior and territoriality. Defending against incoming males is thus essential for both pride males and females. Non-pride males, nomadic males, or those that may have deposed the pride males are frequently infanticidal, killing cubs to hasten the onset of estrus among pride females. Group living also plays a critical role in the defense of territory against other females and incoming males. Female lions frequently share food, nurse one another’s cubs, and hunt cooperatively. Their social system is such that groups of related lionesses occupy a pride area, and a male or a coalition of males have territories that can encompass those of multiple female prides. Lions are the only big cats that are truly social. |